Internal Revenue Code:Sec. 53. Credit for prior year minimum tax liability
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Location in Internal Revenue Code
TITLE 26 - INTERNAL REVENUE CODE Subtitle A - Income Taxes CHAPTER 1 - NORMAL TAXES AND SURTAXES Subchapter A - Determination of Tax Liability PART IV - CREDITS AGAINST TAX Subpart G - Credit Against Regular Tax for Prior Year Minimum Tax Liability
Statute
Sec. 53. Credit for prior year minimum tax liability (a) Allowance of credit There shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter for any taxable year an amount equal to the minimum tax credit for such taxable year. (b) Minimum tax credit For purposes of subsection (a), the minimum tax credit for any taxable year is the excess (if any) of - (1) the adjusted net minimum tax imposed for all prior taxable years beginning after 1986, over (2) the amount allowable as a credit under subsection (a) for such prior taxable years. (c) Limitation The credit allowable under subsection (a) for any taxable year shall not exceed the excess (if any) of - (1) the regular tax liability of the taxpayer for such taxable year reduced by the sum of the credits allowable under subparts A, B, D, E, and F of this part, over (2) the tentative minimum tax for the taxable year. (d) Definitions For purposes of this section - (1) Net minimum tax (A) In general The term ''net minimum tax'' means the tax imposed by section 55. (B) Credit not allowed for exclusion preferences (i) Adjusted net minimum tax The adjusted net minimum tax for any taxable year is - (I) the amount of the net minimum tax for such taxable year, reduced by (II) the amount which would be the net minimum tax for such taxable year if the only adjustments and items of tax preference taken into account were those specified in clause (ii). (ii) Specified items The following are specified in this clause - (I) the adjustments provided for in subsection (b)(1) of section 56, and (II) the items of tax preference described in paragraphs (1), (5), and (7) of section 57(a). (iii) Special rule The adjusted net minimum tax for the taxable year shall be increased by the amount of the credit not allowed under section 30 solely by reason of the application of section 30(b)(3)(B). (iv) Credit allowable for exclusion preferences of corporations In the case of a corporation - (I) the preceding provisions of this subparagraph shall not apply, and (II) the adjusted net minimum tax for any taxable year is the amount of the net minimum tax for such year increased in the manner provided in clause (iii). (2) Tentative minimum tax The term ''tentative minimum tax'' has the meaning given to such term by section 55(b). (e) Special Rule for Individuals With Long-Term Unused Credits.-- (1) In general.--If an individual has a long-term unused minimum tax credit for any taxable year beginning before January 1, 2013, the amount determined under subsection (c) for such taxable year shall not be less than the AMT refundable credit amount for such taxable year. (2) AMT refundable credit amount.--For purposes of paragraph (1)-- (A) In general.--The term `AMT refundable credit amount' means, with respect to any taxable year, the amount (not in excess of the long-term unused minimum tax credit for such taxable year) equal to the greater of-- (i) $5,000, (ii) 20 percent of the long-term unused minimum tax credit for such taxable year, or (iii) the amount (if any) of the AMT refundable credit amount determined under this paragraph for the taxpayer's preceding taxable year (as determined before any reduction under subparagraph (B)). (B) Phaseout of amt refundable credit amount.-- (i) In general.--In the case of an individual whose adjusted gross income for any taxable year exceeds the threshold amount (within the meaning of section 151(d)(3)(C)), the AMT refundable credit amount determined under subparagraph (A) for such taxable year shall be reduced by the applicable percentage (within the meaning of section 151(d)(3)(B)). (ii) Adjusted gross income.--For purposes of clause (i), adjusted gross income shall be determined without regard to sections 911, 931, and 933. (3) Long-term unused minimum tax credit.-- (A) In general.--For purposes of this subsection, the term `long-term unused minimum tax credit' means, with respect to any taxable year, the portion of the minimum tax credit determined under subsection (b) attributable to the adjusted net minimum tax for taxable years before the 3rd taxable year immediately preceding such taxable year. (B) First-in, first-out ordering rule.--For purposes of subparagraph (A), credits shall be treated as allowed under subsection (a) on a first-in, first-out basis. (4) Credit refundable.--For purposes of this title (other than this section), the credit allowed by reason of this subsection shall be treated as if it were allowed under subpart C.
Sources
(Added Pub. L. 99-514, title VII, Sec. 701(b), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2339; amended Pub. L. 100-647, title I, Sec. 1007(g)(4), title VI, Sec. 6304(a), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3435, 3756; Pub. L. 101-239, title VII, Sec. 7612(a)(1), (2), (b)(1), 7811(d)(2), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2373, 2374, 2408; Pub. L. 102-486, title XIX, Sec. 1913(b)(2)(C), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3020; Pub. L. 103-66, title XIII, Sec. 13113(b)(2), 13171(c), Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 429, 455; Pub. L. 104-188, title I, Sec. 1205(d)(5), 1704(j)(1), Aug. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 1776, 1881.)
Miscellaneous
PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 53, added Pub. L. 95-30, title II, Sec. 202(b), May 23, 1977, 91 Stat. 146; amended Pub. L. 95-600, title III, Sec. 321(c)(2), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2835; Pub. L. 97-34, title II, Sec. 207(c)(2), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 225; Pub. L. 97-248, title II, Sec. 201(d)(8)(A), formerly Sec. 201(c)(8)(A), and Sec. 265(b)(2)(A)(iii), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 420, 547, renumbered Sec. 201(d)(8)(A), Pub. L. 97-448, title III, Sec. 306(a)(1)(A)(i), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2400; 97-354, Sec. 5(a)(12), Oct. 19, 1982, 96 Stat. 1693; 97-448, title I, Sec. 102(d)(3), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2370; Pub. L. 98-21, title I, Sec. 122(c)(1), Apr. 20, 1983, 97 Stat. 87; Pub. L. 98-369, div. A, title VII, Sec. 713(c)(1)(C), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 957, placed limitations on the amount of credit allowed by former section 44B for employment of certain new employees, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 98-369, div. A, title IV, Sec. 474(p)(8), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 838, applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1983, and to carrybacks from such years. AMENDMENTS 2007 - PL 110-172 SEC. 2. AMENDMENT RELATED TO THE TAX RELIEF AND HEALTH CARE ACT OF 2006. (a) Amendment Related to Section 402 of Division A of the Act.-- Subparagraph (A) of section 53(e)(2) <<NOTE: 26 USC 53.>> is amended to read as follows: ``(A) In general.--The term `AMT refundable credit amount' means, with respect to any taxable year, the amount (not in excess of the long-term unused minimum tax credit for such taxable year) equal to the greater of-- ``(i) $5,000, ``(ii) 20 percent of the long-term unused minimum tax credit for such taxable year, or ``(iii) the amount (if any) of the AMT refundable credit amount determined under this paragraph for the taxpayer's preceding taxable year (as determined before any reduction under subparagraph (B)).''. 2006 - Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 (P.L. 109-432) SEC. 402. CREDIT FOR PRIOR YEAR MINIMUM TAX LIABILITY MADE REFUNDABLE AFTER PERIOD OF YEARS. (a) In General.--Section 53 (relating to credit for prior year minimum tax liability) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: ``(e) Special Rule for Individuals With Long-Term Unused Credits.-- ``(1) In general.--If an individual has a long-term unused minimum tax credit for any taxable year beginning before January 1, 2013, the amount determined under subsection (c) for such taxable year shall not be less than the AMT refundable credit amount for such taxable year. ``(2) AMT refundable credit amount.--For purposes of paragraph (1)-- ``(A) In general.--The term `AMT refundable credit amount' means, with respect to any taxable year, the amount equal to the greater of-- ``(i) the lesser of-- ``(I) $5,000, or ``(II) the amount of long-term unused minimum tax credit for such taxable year, or ``(ii) 20 percent of the amount of such credit. ``(B) Phaseout of amt refundable credit amount.-- ``(i) In general.--In the case of an individual whose adjusted gross income for any taxable year exceeds the threshold amount (within the meaning of section 151(d)(3)(C)), the AMT refundable credit amount determined under subparagraph (A) for such taxable year shall be reduced by the applicable percentage (within the meaning of section 151(d)(3)(B)). ``(ii) Adjusted gross income.--For purposes of clause (i), adjusted gross income shall be determined without regard to sections 911, 931, and 933. ``(3) Long-term unused minimum tax credit.-- ``(A) In general.--For purposes of this subsection, the term `long-term unused minimum tax credit' means, with respect to any taxable year, the portion of the minimum tax credit determined under subsection (b) attributable to the adjusted net minimum tax for taxable years before the 3rd taxable year immediately preceding such taxable year. ``(B) First-in, first-out ordering rule.--For purposes of subparagraph (A), credits shall be treated as allowed under subsection (a) on a first-in, first-out basis. ``(4) Credit refundable.--For purposes of this title (other than this section), the credit allowed by reason of this subsection shall be treated as if it were allowed under subpart C.''. 2005 - Energy Policy Act of 2005. Section 53(d)(1)(B)(iii) is amended by striking `under section 29' and all that follows through `or not allowed'. Effective Dates- the amendments made by this section shall apply to credits determined under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for taxable years ending after December 31, 2005. 2004 - Pub. L. 108-357 Sec. 421(a)(2). Section 53(d)(1)(B)(i)(II) is amended by striking ``and if section 59(a)(2) did not apply'' 1996 - Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 104-188, Sec. 1205(d)(5)(A), which directed that cl. (iii) be amended by striking out ''or not allowed under section 28 solely by reason of the application of section 28(d)(2)(B),'' was executed by striking out ''not allowed under section 28 solely by reason of the application of section 28(d)(2)(B),'' after ''29(b)(6)(B),'', to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iv)(II). Pub. L. 104-188, Sec. 1704(j)(1), amended subcl. (II) generally. Prior to amendment, subcl. (II) read as follows: ''the adjusted net minimum tax for any taxable year is the amount of the net minimum tax for such year increased by the amount of any credit not allowed under section 29 solely by reason of the application of section 29(b)(5)(B) or not allowed under section 28 solely by reason of the application of section 28(d)(2)(B).'' Pub. L. 104-188, Sec. 1205(d)(5)(B), which directed that subcl. (II) be amended by striking out ''or not allowed under section 28 solely by reason of the application of section 28(d)(2)(B)'', could not be executed because the phrase sought to be struck out did not appear in text subsequent to the general amendment of subcl. (II) by Pub. L. 104-188, Sec. 1704(j)(1), see above, which, pursuant to section 1701 of Pub. L. 104-188, set out as a note under section 1 of this title, is treated as having been enacted before section 1205(d)(5)(B) of Pub. L. 104-188. 1993 - Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(ii)(II). Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13171(c), substituted ''(5), and (7)'' for ''(5), (6), and (8)''. Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13113(b)(2), substituted ''(6), and (8)'' for ''and (6)''. 1992 - Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 1913(b)(2)(C)(i), substituted ''section 29(b)(6)(B),'' for ''section 29(b)(5)(B) or''. Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 1913(b)(2)(C)(ii), inserted before period at end '', or not allowed under section 30 solely by reason of the application of section 30(b)(3)(B)''. 1989 - Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(i)(II). Pub. L. 101-239, Sec. 7811(d)(2), inserted before period at end ''and if section 59(a)(2) did not apply''. Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 101-239, Sec. 7612(a)(2), substituted ''subsection (b)(1)'' for ''subsections (b)(1) and (c)(3)'' in subcl. (I) and struck out at end ''In the case of taxable years beginning after 1989, the adjustments provided in section 56(g) shall be treated as specified in this clause to the extent attributable to items which are excluded from gross income for any taxable year for purposes of the regular tax, or are not deductible for any taxable year under the adjusted current earnings method of section 56(g).'' Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 101-239, Sec. 7612(b)(1), which directed amendment of cl. (iii) by inserting ''or not allowed under section 28 solely by reason of the application of section 28(d)(2)(B)'' after ''section 29(d)(5)(B)'', was executed by making the insertion after ''section 29(b)(5)(B)'', as the probable intent of Congress. Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iv). Pub. L. 101-239, Sec. 7612(b)(1), which directed amendment of cl. (iv) by inserting ''or not allowed under section 28 solely by reason of the application of section 28(d)(2)(B)'' after ''section 29(d)(5)(B)'', was executed by making the insertion after ''section 29(b)(5)(B)'' in subcl. (II), as the probable intent of Congress. Pub. L. 101-239, Sec. 7612(a)(1), added cl. (iv). 1988 - Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 100-647, Sec. 1007(g)(4), substituted ''current earnings'' for ''earnings and profits'' in last sentence. Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 100-647, Sec. 6304(a), added cl. (iii). EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2007 AMENDMENT 2007 - PL 110-172 SEC. 2. AMENDMENT RELATED TO THE TAX RELIEF AND HEALTH CARE ACT OF 2006. (b) Effective <<NOTE: 26 USC 53 note.>> Date.--The amendment made by this section shall take effect as if included in the provision of the Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 to which it relates. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2006 AMENDMENT 2006 - Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 (P.L. 109-432) SEC. 402(c) <<NOTE: 26 USC 53 note.>> Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall apply to taxable years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Amendment by section 1205(d)(5) of Pub. L. 104-188 applicable to amounts paid or incurred in taxable years ending after June 30, 1996, see section 1205(e) of Pub. L. 104-188, set out as a note under section 29 of this title. Section 1704(j)(1) of Pub. L. 104-188 provided that the amendment made by that section is effective with respect to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1990. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1993 AMENDMENT Section 13113(e) of Pub. L. 103-66 provided that: ''The amendments made by this section (enacting section 1202 of this title and amending this section and sections 57, 172, 642, 643, 691, 871, and 6652 of this title) shall apply to stock issued after the date of the enactment of this Act (Aug. 10, 1993).'' Section 13171(d) of Pub. L. 103-66 provided that: ''The amendments made by this section (amending this section and sections 56 and 57 of this title) shall apply to contributions made after June 30, 1992, except that in the case of any contribution of capital gain property which is not tangible personal property, such amendments shall apply only if the contribution is made after December 31, 1992.'' EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1992 AMENDMENT Section 1702(e)(5) of Pub. L. 104-188 provided that: ''The amendment made by section 1913(b)(2)(C)(i) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (Pub. L. 102-486) shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1990.'' Amendment by section 1913(b)(2)(C)(ii) of Pub. L. 102-486 applicable to property placed in service after June 30, 1993, see section 1913(c) of Pub. L. 102-486, set out as an Effective Date note under section 30 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1989 AMENDMENT Section 7612(a)(3) of Pub. L. 101-239 provided that: ''The amendments made by this subsection (amending this section) shall apply for purposes of determining the adjusted net minimum tax for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1989.'' Section 7612(b)(2) of Pub. L. 101-239 provided that: ''The amendment made by paragraph (1) (amending this section) shall apply for purposes of determining the amount of the minimum tax credit for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1989; except that, for such purposes, section 53(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall be applied as if such amendment had been in effect for all prior taxable years.'' Amendment by section 7811(d)(2) of Pub. L. 101-239 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Technical and Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988, Pub. L. 100-647, to which such amendment relates, see section 7817 of Pub. L. 101-239, set out as a note under section 1 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1988 AMENDMENT Amendment by section 1007(g)(4) of Pub. L. 100-647 effective, except as otherwise provided, as if included in the provision of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99-514, to which such amendment relates, see section 1019(a) of Pub. L. 100-647, set out as a note under section 1 of this title. Section 6304(b) of Pub. L. 100-647 provided that: ''The amendment made by this section (amending this section) shall take effect as if included in the amendments made by section 701 of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (Pub. L. 99-514).'' EFFECTIVE DATE Section applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 1986, with certain exceptions and qualifications, see section 701(f) of Pub. L. 99-514, set out as an Effective Date of 1986 Amendment note under section 55 of this title. APPLICABILITY OF CERTAIN AMENDMENTS BY PUB. L. 99-514 IN RELATION TO TREATY OBLIGATIONS OF UNITED STATES For applicability of amendment by section 701(b) of Pub. L. 99-514 (enacting this section) notwithstanding any treaty obligation of the United States in effect on Oct. 22, 1986, with provision that for such purposes any amendment by title I of Pub. L. 100-647 be treated as if it had been included in the provision of Pub. L. 99-514 to which such amendment relates, see section 1012(aa)(2), (4) of Pub. L. 100-647, set out as a note under section 861 of this title.
References
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS This section is referred to in sections 55, 108, 381, 383, 772, 1374 of this title.